human liver carcinoma cell line hepg2  (ATCC)

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: Establishment and Validation of a Cell-Based Relative Potency Method for Respiratory Syncytial Virus mRNA Vaccine Drug Substance

doi: 10.3390/vaccines14050401

Figure Lengend Snippet: Optimization of cell-related conditions for the RSV mRNA potency assay. ( A ) Dose–response curves of RSV mRNA transfection in different cell lines (293T, Vero, HEp-2, HepG2, and A549). Cells were transfected with increasing amounts of RSV mRNA (0.0002–0.48 µg/well), and RSV prefusion F protein expression was measured by ELISA as OD 450 –OD 630 . The corresponding EC 50 and slope values are summarized in the inset table. ( B ) Effect of HepG2 cell seeding density on RSV prefusion F protein expression. HepG2 cells were seeded at 0.5 × 10 5 , 1.0 × 10 5 , or 2.0 × 10 5 cells/well and transfected with increasing amounts of RSV mRNA (0.0002–0.48 µg/well). Protein expression was measured by ELISA as OD 450 –OD 630 .

Article Snippet: Cell lines used for mRNA transfection included the human liver carcinoma cell line HepG2 (American Type Culture Collection, ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line A549 (ATCC), African green monkey kidney epithelial cell line Vero (ATCC), human epidermoid carcinoma type 2 cell line Hep-2 (ATCC), and human embryonic kidney cell line 293T (China Center for Type Culture Collection, CCTCC, Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Potency Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Integrated safety and microbiota profiling of fulvic acid formulations across in vitro and in vivo models

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-37331-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Genotoxic effect observed on LoVo (left) and HepG2 (right) cell lines after 24 h incubation with tested preparations containing fulvic acid (MLG-50, MLG-A50) in the range of 1:8192–1:32768. Nucleus damage presented as tail DNA [%] (Lucia Comet Assay™, Laboratory Imaging). PBS was used as a non-treated control (NTC), and 50 µg/mL H 2 O 2 as a treated control. For each independent experiment, 50–100 nucleoids were randomly analyzed per condition. Data are shown as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) from four independent experiments ( n = 4). Statistics were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test; * indicates statistical significance versus the non-treated control (NTC) ( p < 0.05). Criteria for interpretation of damage levels were as follows: ≤5%—no or minor damage; 5–20%—low damage; 20–40%—moderate damage; 40–75%—high damage; >75%—severe damage.

Article Snippet: The L929 mouse skin fibroblasts (CCL-1, ATCC, USA) and THP1-BlueTM NF-κB reporter cells (InvivoGen, USA) were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Gibco, USA), human colorectal adenocarcinoma LoVo cells (CCL-229, ATCC, USA) were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium (Gibco, USA), and human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells (HB-8065, ATCC, USA) were maintained in DMEM (Gibco, USA).

Techniques: Incubation, Lucia Comet Assay, Imaging, Control

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Graphene-Based Nanosystem for Targeted Delivery of Anti-Sense miRNA-21 on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms27020975

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell viability of HepG2 cells after treatment with graphene oxide, antisense miRNA-21 and GO–antisense miRNA-21 nanosystems. ( A ) Viability (%) after 24 h exposure to increasing concentrations of GO (5–50 µg/mL), measured by MTT assay, untreated cells were used as control. ( B ) Analysis of cell viability after 24 h following treatment with GO (10 µg/mL), antisense miRNA-21 (5 pmol/mL), and GO–antisense miRNA-21 (10 µg/mL GO + 5 pmol/mL antisense). Data are expressed as percentage relative to untreated control cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Asterisks indicate statistical significance: **** p < 0.0001. Horizontal lines above bars indicate the groups being compared. Abbreviation: Electroporation CTR: electroporation control.

Article Snippet: HepG2 human liver carcinoma cells (ATCC ® HB-8065TM) were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin.

Techniques: MTT Assay, Control, Electroporation

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Graphene-Based Nanosystem for Targeted Delivery of Anti-Sense miRNA-21 on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms27020975

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of cellular uptake efficiency of GO, antisense miRNA-21, and GO–antisense miRNA-21 nanosystems in HepG2 cells. ( A ) Flow cytometry analysis of HepG2 cells treated with FITC-labeled GO, antisense miRNA-21, and GO–antisense miRNA-21 for 24 h. The x-axis represents FITC fluorescence intensity, corresponding to the intracellular uptake level of the labeled constructs. Fluorescence intensity was measured to determine the proportion of FITC-positive cells. ( B ) Confocal microscopy imaging of FITC-labeled (green color) constructs in HepG2 cells after 24 h incubation. Cells were counterstained with DAPI (nuclei- blue color) and ActinRed (cytoskeleton-red color). Scale bar: 50 µm. ( C ) Quantitative analysis by flow cytometry showing the percentage of FITC-positive cells after treatment with GO, antisense miRNA-21, and the GO-antisense complex. Data are presented as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: HepG2 human liver carcinoma cells (ATCC ® HB-8065TM) were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Labeling, Fluorescence, Construct, Confocal Microscopy, Imaging, Incubation

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Graphene-Based Nanosystem for Targeted Delivery of Anti-Sense miRNA-21 on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms27020975

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of miRNA expression and pro-inflammatory and tumor-related gene expression in HepG2 cells. ( A ) Transcriptional levels of miRNA-21 in untreated HepG2 cells and in cells treated with GO (10 µg/mL) and with Antisense miRNA-21 (5 pmol/mL) for 24 h. ( B ) Transcriptional levels of IL-8, MCP-1, ICAM-1, TIMP-2 and NF-κB in HepG2 cells. The cells were untreated and treated with GO (10 µg/mL) and GO-antisense miRNA-21 (GO 10 µg/mL + antisense miRNA-21 5 pmol/mL) for 24 h. After, the cells were collected for total RNA extraction. The transcriptional levels of the considered genes were analyzed by calculating the value of 2 −ΔΔCt . The assay was performed in triplicate ± SD and expressed as a fold change over the housekeeping genes. **** p < 0.0001; *** p < 0.001; ** p < 0.01; * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: HepG2 human liver carcinoma cells (ATCC ® HB-8065TM) were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin.

Techniques: Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Gene Expression, RNA Extraction

Journal: mSphere

Article Title: Plasmodium DNA ligase I is essential for parasite blood- and liver-stage development

doi: 10.1128/msphere.00674-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pb Lig1 is essential for parasite development in the liver. ( A ) HepG2 cells were infected with either UIS4/Flp or Pb Lig1 cKO sporozoites. Infected cultures were fixed at the indicated time points post-infection and immunostained with an anti-UIS4 antibody to visualize EEFs. ( B ) EEF area was comparable at 24 hpi ( P = 0.2500) and 36 hpi ( P = 0.1840), but was significantly reduced in Pb Lig1 cKO parasites at 55 hpi (**** P < 0.0001). Data represent the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. ( C ) Quantification of EEF numbers at 24, 36, and 55 hpi revealed no significant differences between UIS4/Flp and Pb Lig1 cKO parasites (24 hpi, P = 0.6063; 36 hpi, P = 0.9036; 55 hpi, P = 0.9929; one-way ANOVA).

Article Snippet: Human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells (ATCC) were used for in vitro infection of sporozoites.

Techniques: Infection

Journal: mSphere

Article Title: Plasmodium DNA ligase I is essential for parasite blood- and liver-stage development

doi: 10.1128/msphere.00674-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pb Lig1 is essential for nuclear division and merozoite development. ( A ) HepG2 cells infected with UIS4/Flp or Pb Lig1 cKO sporozoites were fixed at 62 hpi and immunostained with anti-UIS4 and anti-MSP1 antibodies. UIS4/Flp parasites exhibited robust MSP1 staining, indicative of merozoite formation, whereas Pb Lig1 cKO parasites lacked MSP1 signal, suggesting a block in merozoite development. ( B ) Quantification of nuclear number at 55 hpi. Nuclei were manually counted in ImageJ-analyzed images. Pb Lig1 cKO EEFs displayed a significantly reduced number of nuclei compared to UIS4/Flp (**** P < 0.0001, unpaired t -test). ( C ) Quantification of DNA content using Hoechst 33342 staining at 36 hpi and 55 hpi. UIS4/Flp and Pb Lig1 cKO EEFs were fixed and immunostained with anti-UIS4 and anti-MSP1 antibodies. Nuclear DNA within the PV was quantified by calculating corrected total cell fluorescence (CTCF) from Hoechst signal. Data represent 43 (UIS4/Flp 36 hpi), 47 ( Pb Lig1 cKO 36 hpi), 60 (UIS4/Flp 55 hpi), and 60 ( Pb Lig1 cKO 55 hpi) individual EEFs. No significant difference in CTCF was observed at 36 hpi ( P = 0.0693), while a significant reduction was detected in Pb Lig1 cKO parasites at 55 hpi (**** P < 0.0001, unpaired t -test), n.s., not significant. Data are shown as mean ± SD from two independent biological replicates.

Article Snippet: Human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells (ATCC) were used for in vitro infection of sporozoites.

Techniques: Infection, Staining, Blocking Assay, Fluorescence